The Administrator has determined that it is necessary to designate the following plants[1] as noxious weeds to prevent their introduction into the United States or their dissemination within the United States:
(a) Aquatic and wetland weeds:
Azolla pinnata R. Brown (mosquito fern, water velvet)
Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh, Mediterranean strain (killer algae)
Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth
Hydrilla verticillata (Linnaeus f.) Royle (hydrilla)
Hygrophila polysperma T. Anderson (Miramar weed)
Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal (water-spinach, swamp morning-glory)
Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss
Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume (ambulia)
Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cavanilles) S.T. Blake
Monochoria hastata (Linnaeus) Solms-Laubach
Monochoria vaginalis (Burman f.) C. Presl
Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers.
Sagittaria sagittifolia Linnaeus (arrowhead)
Salvinia auriculata Aublet (giant salvinia)
Salvinia biloba Raddi (giant salvinia)
Salvinia herzogii de la Sota (giant salvinia)
Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (giant salvinia)
Solanum tampicense Dunal (wetland nightshade)
Sparganium erectum Linnaeus (exotic bur-reed)
(b) Parasitic weeds:
Aeginetia spp.
Alectra spp.
Cuscuta spp. (dodders), other than following species:
Cuscuta americana Linnaeus
Cuscuta applanata Engelmann
Cuscuta approximata Babington
Cuscuta attenuata Waterfall
Cuscuta boldinghii Urban
Cuscuta brachycalyx (Yuncker) Yuncker
Cuscuta californica Hooker & Arnott
Cuscuta campestris Yuncker
Cuscuta cassytoides Nees ex Engelmann
Cuscuta ceanothi Behr
Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelmann
Cuscuta compacta Jussieu
Cuscuta coryli Engelmann
Cuscuta cuspidata Engelmann
Cuscuta decipiens Yuncker
Cuscuta dentatasquamata Yuncker
Cuscuta denticulata Engelmann
Cuscuta epilinum Weihe
Cuscuta epithymum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus
Cuscuta erosa Yuncker
Cuscuta europaea Linnaeus
Cuscuta exaltata Engelmann
Cuscuta fasciculata Yuncker
Cuscuta glabrior (Engelmann) Yuncker
Cuscuta globulosa Bentham
Cuscuta glomerata Choisy
Cuscuta gronovii Willdenow
Cuscuta harperi Small
Cuscuta howelliana Rubtzoff
Cuscuta indecora Choisy
Cuscuta leptantha Engelmann
Cuscuta mitriformis Engelmann
Cuscuta obtusiflora Kunth
Cuscuta odontolepis Engelmann
Cuscuta pentagona Engelmann
Cuscuta planiflora Tenore
Cuscuta plattensis A. Nelson
Cuscuta polygonorum Engelmann
Cuscuta rostrata Shuttleworth ex Engelmann & Gray
Cuscuta runyonii Yuncker
Cuscuta salina Engelmann
Cuscuta sandwichiana Choisy
Cuscuta squamata Engelmann
Cuscuta suaveolens Seringe
Cuscuta suksdorfii Yuncker
Cuscuta tuberculata Brandegee
Cuscuta umbellata Kunth
Cuscuta umbrosa Beyrich ex Hooker
Cuscuta veatchii Brandegee
Cuscuta warneri Yuncker
Orobanche spp. (broomrapes), other than the following species:
Orobanche bulbosa (Gray) G. Beck
Orobanche californica Schlechtendal & Chamisso
Orobanche cooperi (Gray) Heller
Orobanche corymbosa (Rydberg) Ferris
Orobanche dugesii (S. Watson) Munz
Orobanche fasciculata Nuttall
Orobanche ludoviciana Nuttall
Orobanche multicaulis Brandegee
Orobanche parishii (Jepson) Heckard
Orobanche pinorum Geyer ex Hooker
Orobanche uniflora Linnaeus
Orobanche valida Jepson
Orobanche vallicola (Jepson) Heckard
Striga spp. (witchweeds)
(c) Terrestrial weeds:
Acacia nilotica (Linnaeus) Wildenow ex Delile (gum arabic tree, thorny acacia
Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) King & Robinson (crofton weed)
Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King and H. Robinson (creeping croftonweed, mistflower)
Alternanthera sessilis (Linnaeus) R. Brown ex de Candolle (sessile joyweed)
Arctotheca calendula (Linnaeus) Levyns (capeweed)
Asphodelus fistulosus Linnaeus (onionweed)
Avena sterilis Linnaeus (including Avena ludoviciana Durieu) (animated oat, wild oat)
Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieberstein (wild safflower)
Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retzius) Trinius (pilipiliula)
Commelina benghalensis Linnaeus (Benghal dayflower)
Crupina vulgaris Cassini (common crupina)
Digitaria abyssinica (Hochstetter ex A. Richard) Stapf (African couchgrass, fingergrass)
Digitaria velutina (Forsskal) Palisot de Beauvois (velvet fingergrass, annual couchgrass)
Drymaria arenariodes Humboldt & Bonpland ex J.A. Schultes (lightning weed)
Emex australis Steinheil (three-cornered jack)
Emex spinosa (Linnaeus) Campdera (devil's thorn)
Euphorbia terracina Linnaeus (false caper, Geraldton carnation weed)
Galega officinalis Linnaeus (goatsrue)
Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier (giant hogweed)
Imperata brasiliensis Trinius (Brazilian satintail)
Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois (cogongrass)
Inula britannica Linnaeus (British elecampane, British yellowhead)
Ischaemum rugosum Salisbury (murainograss)
Leptochloa chinensis (Linnaeus) Nees (Asian sprangletop)
Lycium ferocissimum Miers (African boxthorn)
Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz (maidenhair creeper)
Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown (Old World climbing fern)
Melastoma malabathricum Linnaeus
Mikania cordata (Burman f.) B. L. Robinson (mile-a-minute)
Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright (giant sensitive-plant)
Mimosa pigra Linneaus var. pigra (catclaw mimosa)
Moraea collina Thunberg (apricot Cape-tulip)
Moraea flaccida (Sweet) Steudel (one-leaf Cape-tulip)
Moraea miniata Andrews (two-leaf Cape-tulip)
Moraea ochroleuca (Salisbury) Drapiez (red Cape-tulip)
Moraea pallida (Baker) Goldblatt (yellow Cape-tulip)
Nassella trichotoma (Nees) Hackel ex Arechavaleta (serrated tussock)
Onopordum acaulon Linnaeus (stemless thistle)
Onopordum illyricum Linnaeus (Illyrian thistle)
Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley (jointed prickly pear)
Oryza longistaminata A. Chevalier & Roehrich (red rice)
Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steudel (red rice)
Oryza rufipogon Griffith (red rice)
Paspalum scrobiculatum Linnaeus (Kodo-millet)
Pennisetum clandestinum Hochstetter ex Chiovenda (kikuyugrass)
Pennisetum macrourum Trinius (African feathergrass)
Pennisetum pedicellatum Trinius (kyasumagrass)
Pennisetum polystachion (Linnaeus) Schultes (missiongrass, thin napiergrass)
Prosopis alpataco R. A. Philippi
Prosopis argentina Burkart
Prosopis articulata S. Watson
Prosopis burkartii Munoz
Prosopis caldenia Burkart
Prosopis calingastana Burkart
Prosopis campestris Griseback
Prosopis castellanosii Burkart
Prosopis denudans Bentham
Prosopis elata (Burkart) Burkart
Prosopis farcta (Banks & Solander) J.F. Macbride
Prosopis ferox Grisebach
Prosopis fiebrigii Harms
Prosopis hassleri Harms
Prosopis humilis Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott
Prosopis kuntzei Harms
Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth
Prosopis palmeri S. Watson
Prosopis reptans Bentham var. reptans
Prosopis rojasiana Burkart
Prosopis ruizlealii Burkart
Prosopis ruscifolia Grisebach
Prosopis sericantha Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott
Prosopis strombulifera (Lamarck) Bentham
Prosopis torquata (Cavanilles ex Lagasca y Segura) de Candolle
Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W. Clayton
Rubus fruticosus Linnaeus (complex) (wild blackberry)
Rubus moluccanus Linnaeus (wild raspberry)
Saccharum spontaneum Linnaeus (wild sugarcane)
Salsola vermiculata Linnaeus (wormleaf salsola)
Senecio inaequidens DC. (South African ragwort)
Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (Madagascar ragwort)
Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. pallidefusca (Schumach.) B.K. Simon (cattail grass)
Solanum torvum Swartz (turkeyberry)
Solanum viarum Dunal (tropical soda apple)
Spermacoce alata Aublet
Tridax procumbens Linnaeus (coat buttons)
Urochloa panicoides Beauvois (liverseed grass)
[48 FR 20039, May 4, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 25223, June 20, 1984; 57 FR 8838, Mar. 13, 1992; 60 FR 35832, July 12, 1995; 64 FR 12883, Mar. 16, 1999; 65 FR 33743, May 25, 2000; 66 FR 21060, Apr. 27, 2001; 71 FR 35381, June 20, 2006; 74 FR 53400, Oct. 19, 2009; 75 FR 68953, Nov. 10, 2010]